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The Polygraph is most often called a "A Lie Detector", the truth
is, the Polygraph is not a lie detector.
A lie is spoken....it is a verbal communication of that which is
not the truth. The polygraph does not monitor or record the voice.
The Polygraph records involuntary physiological functions in the
body.
When a person lies
to direct questions, an involuntary sympathetic nervous system
response occurs (sympathetic arousal). The Polygraph instrument is
used to identify these responses.
The reason these responses occur, is because the person is using the
lie to protect him / her self. There are usually consequences
attached to being involved with or having committed the issue under
investigation. Therefore the person lies to avoid the consequences
and not necessarily because they feel no guilt, remorse or have no
conscience.
Sociopaths,
psychopaths, compulsive & pathological liars all know when they are
lying to a direct question. Although they may be very good at
telling lies, they too lie to protect themselves from the
consequences of their actions. It is for this reason that even they
will fail a Polygraph Test when they lie.
Can
Nervousness Affect the results?
Nervousness is
completely normal when
undergoing a polygraph test. Nervousness does not cause sympathetic
arousal responses ...Telling lies is what causes that. Nervousness
may only heighten the response of the person telling a lie.
A Polygraph Examination is a controlled
process in a suitable environment....and not an interrogation.
As part of the Examination, the
Examiner will explain the entire testing process and
the instrumentation.
The Polygraph
Examination consist of 4 sections:
- Pre-test:
In this time the Examiner will explain the polygraph and the
physiology, the persons rights, the case facts are discussed, the
test questions are reviewed and a
consent form is signed..
- Test Phase:
This is when the person is attached to the instrument, the
questions are asked and the data is recorded. More than one chart
is always run.
- Chart
analysis: The Examiner will analyze the data and conclude the
outcome of the test. There are 4 possible outcomes.
- Post-test:
There are a number of variables that will determine this section
of the test.
- Deception
Indicated - Person failed the test
- No Deception
Indicated - Person passed the test
- Inconclusive
- Unable to conclude a pass or fail result
- No Opinion
- This usually occurres when a person has been uncooperative
during the test phase and the data has been corrupted.
It is VERY
IMPORTANT to note that the Polygraph as an instrument does not
determine the accuracy or validity of the test. The Polygraph
instrument is just the recording device used during the process. It
records measurable changes in the body. Therefore there is no
accuracy or validity of the test results attached to the instrument.
The accuracy and validity are based entirely on the competency of
the Polygraph Examiner. It is therefore VERY IMPORTANT to only make
use of Examiners who have received internationally recognized
certified and accredited training. To be sure that you are using an
accredited and certified Polygraph Examiner, check the
Polygraph Association of South
Africa's (PASA) website for a listing of Examiners. Examiners at
the least should be a member of PASA and or the
American Polygraph Association
(APA)
Voice-Stress
in any form is not Polygraph. Although there are many who
claim that Voice-Stress is accurate, no independent Scientific
studies have conclude an accuracy above 38%.
There are false claims that Government Departments around the world
endorse Voice-Stress. The truth is, none do.
All manufactures of Voice-Stress analysis equipment rely on
antidotal evidence to sell their products.
Even those behind the manufacturing of such equipment are
fraudsters.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rr3E_2KTxI0
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